THE HOLY GITA-CHAPTER 10, VERSE 04, VIBHUTI YOGA OR THE YOGA OF DIVINE MANIFESTATIONS:

THE HOLY GITA

CHAPTER NUMBER 10

VIBHUTI YOGA OR THE YOGA OF DIVINE MANIFESTATIONS:

VERSE NUMBER 04

Text in Transliteration:

Buddhir jnaanam asammohah:

   Ksamaa satyam damah: samah:

Sukham duhkham bhavo ‘bhaavo

   Bhayam chaa ‘bhayam eva cha

Sanskrit words and phrases and their meaning:

Buddhih: = intellect; jnaanam = wisdom; asammmohah: = non-illusion; ksamaa = forgiveness; satyam = truth; damah: = self-restraint; samah: = calmness; sukham = happiness; dhukham = pain; bhavah = birth; abhaavah; = non-existence; bhayam = fear; cha = and; abhayam = fearlessness; eva = even; cha = and

Text in English:

Intellect, wisdom, non-delusion, patience, truth, self-restraint, calmness, pleasure, pain, birth, death, fear and fearlessness.

COMMENTARY BY SRIMAT SWAMI CHIDBHAVANANDA:

Buddhi or intellect is the faculty of grasping matters subtle and abstruse. Jnanam or wisdom is the discernment of Atman.

Asammohah: or non-delusion is the clarity of the mind even in critical and trying situations.

Kshmaa or patience is the kindly attitude of the mind even towards opponents and enemies.

Satyam or truth is the accurate presentation of what one has seen, known and experienced.

Damah: or self-restraint is the control of the external senses of touch, taste, sight, smell and hearing.

Samah: or calmness is the practice of the quietude of the mind and intellect.

COMMENTARY BY DR.S.RADHAKRISHNAN:

dama: self-control is quietude of the external senses.

sama: calmness. It is calmness of inner spirit.

COMMENTARY BY SRIMAT SWAMI SIVANANDA:

Intellect is the power which the Antahkarana (the four-fold inner instrument—the mind, the subconscious mind, intellect and egoism) has of understanding subtle objects. Wisdom is knowledge of the Self. Non-delusion is freedom from illusion. It consists in acting with discrimination when anything has to be done or known at the moment. Patience is the non-agitation of the mind when assaulted or abused. Not thinking of any harm or evil for those who have assaulted or abused is also patience. Patience is enduring without lamentation the three kinds of pains, Adhyatmika, Adhidaivika and adhibhautika Tapas. Fever, etc., is Adhyatmika pain. Pain or discomfort from sever cold, heat, too much rain, thunder, and lightning is adhidaivika pain. Pain from scorpion-bite, snake-bite, and wild animals is Adhibhautika pain.

Satyam or truth is veracity. It is speaking of one’s own actual or real experience of things as actually heard or seen. There is not the least twisting or exaggeration or the slightest modification of facts. Dama or self-restraint is control of the external senses. It is the withdrawal of the senses (ear, skin, eyes, tongue and nose) from their respective objects. (viz., sound, touch, form, palatable foods and fragrance). Shama is calmness or tranquillity of the mind produced by checking the mind from thinking of external objects of the senses and by disconnecting it from the senses.

Sudham: Happiness. That which has Dharma or virtue as its chief cause and that which is favourable to all beings is happiness. Duhkham: that which has Adharma as its cause and that which is unfavourable to all beings, is pain.

 That which appears is Bhavah. Sat is bhavah. Asat or unreality is Abhavah.